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Connected Energy-Efficient Dynamic Routing Simulation Was Estimated to Have Resulted in up to 14.7 Percent Fuel Savings in Downtown Los Angeles With 50 Percent Connected Vehicle Market Penetration During Peak Hours.

METHODOLOGY In this study, the effectiveness and environmental impact of a C-EEDR application were assessed using a detailed traffic simulation tool that integrates both microscopic traffic dynamics…
Content type
Date Posted
01/31/2024
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Connected Eco-Driving (ST09)

Demand-Based Pricing Strategy in Los Angeles Parking Management System Led to a 37 Percent Reduction in Parking Duration for Downtown LA.

METHODOLOGY The LA Express Park program relied heavily on hardware, including parking meters, guidance systems, in-ground sensors, and a highly integrated back-end system that utilized strong data…
Content type
Date Posted
01/26/2024

Simulation-Based Drayage Operation Study in South California Showed that Eco-Approach and Departure (EAD) Connected Vehicle Application Can Provide Up To 8 Percent Energy Savings for Battery-Electric Trucks in Light Traffic.

METHODOLOGY Data collection from each truck spanned one to two months and yielded over 130,000 miles and more than 15,000 hours of truck operations. To simulate the truck performance, the study…
Content type
Date Posted
09/29/2023

Los Angeles's Automated Traffic Surveillance and Control System Reduced Travel Time by Ten Percent Using 40,000 Loop Detectors Across 4,500 Connected Intersections with Automated Signal Control.

METHODOLOGY In this study, the Smart City Infrastructure involved the essential, physical technology required to provide connectivity, sensors, and communications across urban LA, through wireless…
Content type
Date Posted
07/25/2023
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Traffic Signal Control (TM03)

Los Angeles Metro's Proposed Congestion Pricing to Subsidize Free Transit and Raise Revenue for the 2028 LA Olympics Was Estimated to Raise $12–$104 Billion through 2028.

METHODOLOGY One possibility being considered is to charge drivers when they pass through a high traffic area around downtown LA or LA International Airport, for instance. Another option being…
Content type
Date Posted
07/25/2023
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Road Use Charging (TM11)

In Areas with Integrated On-Demand Rideshare Services in the Puget Sound Region, 40 Percent of Respondents to a Traveler Survey Reported a Decrease in Average Travel Time while Nine Percent Reported an Increase.

METHODOLOGY In this study, the quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods used in the evaluation included the analysis of early and final survey data, activity data, payment data (for PS region…
Content type
Date Posted
03/28/2023

Simulation Study in Los Angeles Showed That Increasing the Percentage of Automated Vehicles Equipped with “Flow Smoothing Control” From Zero to 30 Nearly Doubled the Average Miles Per Gallon of Non-AVs, Yielding Fuel Savings.

METHODOLOGY A calibrated microsimulation model of I-210 was used to simulate approximately five minutes of traffic flow on the highway. Initially, the simulation was started with free-flowing traffic…
Content type
Date Posted
02/22/2023

A Modeling Study Found That Congestion Pricing Implemented on a Typical Freeway in Los Angeles Can Reduce Nitric oxide (NO) Emissions by Roughly 10 Percent During Morning Peak Hours.

METHODOLOGY Emissions data were obtained through a mobile measurement technique in real-time using two equipped cars driving around Los Angeles, from Monday through Friday from 6AM to 6PM. The…
Content type
Date Posted
06/21/2022
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Road Use Charging (TM11)

Simulation Study in Los Angeles Found Automated Taxis Can Improve Accessibility Benefits by 11 to 394 Percent for Travelers with Low Incomes.

METHODOLOGY For the LA dynamic agent-based model developed in this study, data from LA Metropolitan Planning Organization’s current activity-based travel demand model were used to obtain person-…
Content type
Date Posted
05/31/2022

Personalized Commuter Incentive System Could Reduce CO2 Emissions by up to 27 Percent.

While driver incentive programs might be useful for congestion reduction, they are still mostly theoretical. A research team based at the University of Southern California modeled the effects of a…
Content type
Date Posted
03/19/2021

Bike share systems have potential to decrease automobile travel and increase active travel.

FINDINGS Cities with bike share systems have seen "population-level increases in cycling" and hence decreased sedentary transportation. Cities usually considered car-centric, like Los Angeles, have…
Content type
Date Posted
06/25/2020

A modeling effort shows intelligent trip planners can optimize multi-modal travel and reduce peak period transportation related energy consumption by four percent.

Findings The analysis suggested that intelligent multi-modal trip planners like COPTER can reduce transportation related energy consumption during peak periods by four percent.
Content type
Date Posted
10/18/2019

A modeling effort shows intelligent trip planners can optimize multi-modal travel and reduce congestion-induced delay by 14 to 20 percent.

Findings The analysis suggested that intelligent multi-modal trip planners like COPTER can reduce congestion related traffic delay by 14 to 20 percent during realistic peak period conditions and by…
Content type
Date Posted
10/15/2019

Transportation network company (TNC) usage is associated with decreased vehicle ownership and fewer single occupancy vehicle trips.

The study attempts to broaden the understanding of the interplay among emerging and established modes of transportation by approaching from several angles the question of how shared modes, and…
Content type
Date Posted
09/12/2018

Bus speeds increased by 23 percent in Los Angeles and by more than 20 percent on a route in New York City after deployment of Bus Rapid Transit.

Findings After deployment of BRT, bus speeds increased by 23 percent in highly transit-dependent urban core corridors in Los Angeles. This improvement was specifically linked to transit signal…
Content type
Date Posted
02/20/2018
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Transit Signal Priority (PT09)

Gross toll revenue of the I-10 ExpressLanes was $8,918,985 and I-110 ExpressLanes was $18,704,961 in the first 16 months of HOT lane operation.

Findings On the I-110 ExpressLanes, monthly average peak period tolls ranged from $3.31 to $7.63. The monthly maximum toll ranged from $3.95 to $14.55. On the I-10 ExpressLanes, monthly average peak…
Content type
Date Posted
09/29/2017

Deployment of HOT lanes on I-10 and I-110 in Los Angeles was projected to provide transit riders a travel time benefit of $9,186,074 over a 10-year period.

Findings Post-toll travel times for the Silver Line on the I-10 ExpressLanes were 4 percent shorter (<1 minute) in the morning peak period and 14 percent shorter in afternoon peak period (2.6…
Content type
Date Posted
09/29/2017
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) HOV/HOT Lane Management (ST06)

Bus rapid transit service improvements on the I-10 and I-110 corridors increased ridership on Metro's Silver Line by 52 percent in the morning and 41 percent in the afternoon.

Findings Transit ridership increases were noted corresponding to the deployment of both transit and tolling components of the CRD projects. The following specific changes to ridership were noted to…
Content type
Date Posted
09/29/2017

Survey of HOT lane toll transponder holders found deployment of HOT lanes did not change carpooling habits of 66 percent of respondents; 65 percent of respondents who drove alone continued to do so.

Findings In August 2014, Metro conducted a survey of FasTrak customers regarding their satisfaction with the program. The survey included four questions to identify changes and influencing factors…
Content type
Date Posted
09/29/2017

The conversion of HOV to HOT lanes in Los Angeles increased vehicle throughput on I-10 and I-110, however, fuel consumption increased at an estimated cost of $104,566,154 with increased VMT.

METHODOLOGY Fuel consumption calculations multiply vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by the appropriate fuel economy for the appropriate speed. The emission factors by speed were prepared using the…
Content type
Date Posted
08/31/2017

The conversion of HOV to HOT lanes in Los Angeles increased vehicle throughput on I-10 and I-110, however, net emissions increased by 26 to 82 percent and by 6 to 21 percent, respectively as VMT increased.

FINDINGS Tolling The ExpressLanes resulted in greater vehicle throughput and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) on I-10 and I-110. Emissions increase with VMT. Net VMT increased by 30.5 percent on I-10…
Content type
Date Posted
08/31/2017

A dynamic time-of-day parking meter pricing system in Los Angeles increased revenues by 2.5 percent and lowered the average parking meter rate by $0.19 per hour.

FINDINGS Parking Management Parking rate changes over the first year of the LA Express Park program decreased average parking rates at 59 percent of parking meters, increased rates at 29 percent of…
Content type
Date Posted
08/31/2017

Study finds that by 2035, a 50 percent penetration of electric drayage trucks for near-dock and off-dock service in the LA-area would reduce GHG emissions by 30 percent.

Content references source material no longer available at its original location.
For the analyses, two scenarios for drayage truck electrification were compared to a reference case scenario. Scenario 1- conservative electrification scenario (CES) where 50 percent of near-dock…
Content type
Date Posted
01/06/2017

Transit Smart Card fare payment has ability to significantly reduce time buses spend waiting at bus stops for passengers to board.

Content references source material no longer available at its original location.
Methodology A regression model of dwell time by fare payment type was estimated. For the model, Metro provided Universal Farebox System (UFS) and Automatic Passenger Counter (APC) data from March 3…
Content type
Date Posted
12/05/2016

Transit users and individual operators enjoy most of the benefits of smart cards, while individual transit operators and multiple agencies bear the majority of the deployment costs.

Content references source material no longer available at its original location.
METHODOLOGYIn reviewing these three cases, the authors found that while these public transportation agencies have made their best efforts to estimate smart card costs and benefits, these studies are…
Content type
Date Posted
11/13/2013

Transit signal priority reduced average bus travel times by 7.5 and 15 percent along major bus corridors in Los Angeles and Chicago, respectively.

FindingsTravel Time SavingsTravel time savings associated with TSP in North America have ranged from 2 to 18 percent, with typical reductions of 8 to 12 percent. In Los Angeles, the MTA saw a 7.5…
Content type
Date Posted
06/03/2013
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Transit Signal Priority (PT09)

Benefit-to-cost ratios for Electronic Freight Management (EFM) applications ranged from 1:1 to 7:1. Higher ratios were projected for companies with larger supply chains.

FINDINGS The USDOT's Freight Technology Assessment Tool (FTAT) was used to calculate the net present value, benefit-cost ratio, and total process improvement for each case study.  …
Content type
Date Posted
12/07/2012
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Freight Administration (CVO02)

Intelligent speed control applications that smooth traffic flow during congested conditions can reduce fuel consumption by 10 to 20 percent without drastically affecting overall travel times.

Simulation Study The PARAMICS microscopic traffic simulation tool was applied to the Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model (CMEM) to examine vehicle performance under a variety of traffic conditions.…
Content type
Date Posted
10/03/2010

In Los Angeles, California, the installation of a "second train coming" warning system at a light rail transit grade crossing reduced risky behavior of pedestrians and surveyed pedestrians felt that safety was improved.

The Los Angeles Metro Blue Line (MBL) demonstration project was carried out to investigate the use of a "second train coming" warning system that uses a train-activated warning sign as a means of…
Content type
Date Posted
05/28/2008

An automated work zone information system deployed near Los Angeles effectively diverted traffic to alternate routes during periods of congestion.

Researchers used traffic flow data and a driver survey to assess the effectiveness of the AWIS. For weekend and holiday periods when congestion was expected, traffic volumes and diversion rates were…
Content type
Date Posted
03/29/2007

In Los Angeles, a survey of motorists who experienced an automated work zone information system found that 78 percent of respondents changed their route based on the information provided.

To assess customer satisfaction, a postcard-based survey was designed to obtain driver comments on the work zone information system. At two off-ramps, Caltrans staff and California Highway Patrol…
Content type
Date Posted
03/29/2007

An automated work zone information system (AWIS) deployed near Los Angeles, California, reduced freeway delay by 46 percent.

The evaluation focused only on southbound Interstate 5 due to severe congestion levels. The simulation network was designed in PARAMICS (PARAllel MICroscopic Simulation) using aerial photos, road…
Content type
Date Posted
03/09/2007

Modeling data indicated that an automated work zone information system deployed on I-5 near Los Angeles contributed to a 4.3 percent increase in diversions and an 81 percent increase in average network speed.

The evaluation focused only on southbound Interstate 5 due to severe congestion levels. The simulation network was designed in PARAMICS (PARAllel MICroscopic Simulation) using aerial photos, road…
Content type
Date Posted
03/09/2007

In Los Angeles, adaptive signal control systems improved travel time by 13 percent, decreased stops by 31 percent, and reduced delay by 21 percent.

The City evaluated the ATCS by comparing its operation to the Urban Traffic Control System (UTCS) that had been in operation since 1984. Intersections in the Mar Vista and Brentwood areas of the city…
Content type
Date Posted
01/19/2007

Adaptive signal control systems reduced vehicle stops by 28 to 41 percent; improve safety.

Adaptive signal control systems use algorithms that perform real-time optimization of traffic signals based on current traffic conditions, demand, and system capacity. Adaptive control software…
Content type
Date Posted
01/19/2007

Adaptive signal control systems deployed in five metropolitan areas have reduced delay 19 to 44 percent.

FINDINGS Adaptive signal control systems use algorithms that perform real-time optimization of traffic signals based on current traffic conditions, demand, and system capacity. Adaptive control…
Content type
Date Posted
01/19/2007

Deployment experiences document the importance of traveler information and list top sources of traveler information.

In Seattle, the following evaluation data were highlighted: 1) Top Sources of Traveler Information (percent of trips where information was consulted). En-route radio (56 percent). Pre-trip radio…
Content type
Date Posted
01/19/2007

Automated pedestrian detection at signalized intersections tested in three U.S. cities reduced the number of pedestrians who began crossing during the steady DON’T WALK signal by 81 percent.

Notes:See also:Hughes, Ronald, et al. ITS and Pedestrian Safety at Signalized Intersections, ITS Quarterly Vol. VII #2, ITS America, Washington DC. 1999.
Content type
Date Posted
01/01/2004

Electronic supply chain manifest systems reduce the amount of time and paperwork required to transfer loads, and can improve operational efficiencies for shippers/receivers, trucking companies, and air cargo carriers.

FINDINGSThe following results show the time saving benefits of automated versus manual processing (biometric/smart-card authorization vs. manual duplication/photocopying of all paperwork) at transfer…
Content type
Date Posted
01/01/2003
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Freight Administration (CVO02)

Evaluation of several transit signal priority systems found decreased bus travel time variability by 35 percent, lowered bus travel times by 6 to 27 percent, reduced AM peak intersection delay by 13 percent, and decreased signal-related bus stops by

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGANIn 1996, a test was conducted in Ann Arbor, Michigan that investigated bus priority using green extensions, red truncation (with and without compensation), and skip phasing (…
Content type
Date Posted
04/10/2002
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Transit Signal Priority (PT09)

Automated enforcement systems have reduced highway-rail crossing violations by 78 to 92 percent along two corridors in Los Angeles, California.

In Los Angeles, CA, photo enforcement equipment has been installed along the Blue Line light rail system. The systems use high-resolution cameras to photograph motorists running under or around…
Content type
Date Posted
09/21/2000

Fuel consumption fell by 13 percent and vehicle emissions were reduced by 14 percent due to a computerized signal control system in Los Angeles, California.

FINDINGSThe system reportedly decreased fuel consumption 13 percent and decreased air emissions 14 percent.
Content type
Date Posted
09/21/2000

Freeway Services Patrols: A State of the Practice

A computerized signal control system in Los Angeles, California increased average speed by 16 percent, reduced travel time by 18 percent, decreased vehicle stops by 41 percent, and reduced delay by 44 percent.

FINDINGS The system reportedly reduced vehicle stops 41 percent, reduced travel time 18 percent, increased average speed 16 percent, and decreased delay by 44 percent.
Content type
Date Posted
09/21/2000

Vehicle-pedestrian conflicts were reduced by 89 percent in the first half of the crossing and 43 percent in the second half with automated pedestrian detection at intersections in Los Angeles, California; Rochester, New York; and Phoenix, Arizona.

Consider Third-party Accessibility Testing to Enhance Digital Accessibility and Ensure Compliance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and Screen Readers.

Consider third-party accessibility testing to enhance digital accessibility and ensure compliance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and screen readers. Valley Metro employed a third-…
Content type
Date Posted
06/30/2023

Have a Basic Level of Data, Data Exchange, and Situational Awareness Capabilities for Future Integrated Corridor Management Systems and Establish Effective Standards to Support Large-Scale Data Volumes and Data Exchange.

Some key lessons learned and recommendations for large scale traffic management across multiple ICMs are listed below: Have a basic level of data, data exchange, and situational awareness…
Content type
Date Posted
04/28/2023

Include a Mix of Metrics to Measure the Performance of an On-Demand Ride-Share to Transit Program, including New Riders, Customer Experience and Metrics Related to Mobility, Safety, Equity and Cost-Efficiency.

Include a Mix of Metrics to Measure the Performance of the Rideshare to Transit Program. The experience from the LA deployment in this study revealed that ridership is a critical indicator but not…
Content type
Date Posted
03/28/2023

To Improve Micromobility Equity, Focus on a Wide Variety of Potentially Underserved Travelers and Offer Robust Incentives to Operators.

The Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT) launched a dockless micromobility pilot program in 2019. LADOT’s objective for this program was to allow dockless micromobility programs to…
Content type
Date Posted
11/30/2021

Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations mounted to power poles can lower infrastructure installation costs, but raise concerns from utility companies and local businesses.

Perceived/operational disruptions and solutions: Disruption: Cable and telecom companies concerned about access to power pole. Solution: Train linemen on how to navigate around new equipment.…
Content type
Date Posted
04/15/2020

Battery electric bus (BEB) technology offers a clean and efficient alternative to diesel buses but may require the adjustment of routes to accommodate charging requirements

Best Practices   Examine Route Options. Short-range, on-route-charged buses are inflexible and cannot be deployed at other service routes that do not connect to an on-route charging location.…
Content type
Date Posted
02/18/2019

Use the FRATIS system to enable automated communications between multiple stakeholders and improve logistics in the event of traffic delays or changes to wait times at drayage facilities.

The lessons below were derived from the LA-Gateway FRATIS project: Use the FRATIS system to enable automated communications between multiple stakeholders and improve logistics in the event of…
Content type
Date Posted
10/06/2017

Engage political champions to keep controversial High-Occupancy Toll (HOT) lane projects on track.

Project updates have been posted regularly on the Metro ExpressLanes project website [1]. The following lessons learned were highlighted during a UPA-CRD update webinar held December 15, 2011. Have…
Content type
Date Posted
01/04/2012

Strengthen existing maintenance and repair capabilities at Transportation Operation Centers (TOCs).

Many TOCs in the country have now entered into their second-generation life cycle and have successfully implemented day-to-day TOC operations in their jurisdictions. TOCs from California, Minnesota,…
Content type
Date Posted
02/21/2007

Ensure the long-term stability of an interagency incident management program by creating dependencies and by managing for leadership succession.

Formalizing the incident management effort existing in many cities into an incident management program can make incident management a core agency activity at senior executive levels and demonstrate a…
Content type
Date Posted
06/30/2006

Take advantage of time-specific opportunities to organize and build support for a formal incident management program.

The Regional Traffic Incident Management Programs: Implementation Guide aims to explain general steps to implementation (with an institutional, rather than technical, focus), and is based on…
Content type
Date Posted
06/30/2006

Coordinate across jurisdictions/regions and share resources to reduce future costs and delays.

There is some form of incident management activity in most major and many mid-sized urban areas. Typically this involves each agency carrying out its own responsibilities, with primarily working-…
Content type
Date Posted
06/30/2006

Solicit executive support for an incident management program, but rely on staff-level champions and administrative support for day-to-day guidance of the program.

While no single approach can be prescribed for all incident management efforts, a flexible framework based on experiences from successful incident management programs in the United States can be…
Content type
Date Posted
06/30/2006

The cost to install a bike sharing system can range from $3,000 to $5,000 per bike inclusive of kiosks, racks, and installation costs in Los Angeles.

In 2011 the Los Angeles (LA) Public Transit Authority, LA Metro, conducted a study of on the feasibility of developing a publicly run bike sharing system in the greater LA area. From this effort, LA…
Content type
Made Public Date
05/20/2020

The Metropolitan Transportation Authority in Los Angeles, California is considering a $138 million proposal to buy 95 electric buses and accompanying charging infrastructure.

The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) in Los Angeles, California wants to eliminate emissions from its fleet by 2030. Costs The MTA board is considering a $138 million proposal to buy 95…
Content type
Made Public Date
11/20/2017

Deployment of freeway congestion pricing system in 5 major U.S. metropolitan areas estimated to cost $1.8 billion

Content references source material no longer available at its original location.
Growing congestion on metropolitan highway networks poses a substantial threat to the U.S. economy and to the quality of life of millions of Americans. Congestion pricing – sometimes called value…
Content type
Made Public Date
08/30/2014
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Road Use Charging (TM11)

Transit signal priority detection systems range from $2,500 to $40,000 per intersection and $50 to $2,500 per vehicle, depending on the type of detection used.

Background Transit preferential treatments have been deployed across the United States and around the world in order to improve travel times and reliability of bus and light rail routes. Examples of…
Content type
Made Public Date
06/03/2013
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Transit Signal Priority (PT09)

In California, the Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) purchased a four-lane 10-mile long limited access variable toll facility for $207.5 million.

This research synthesized evaluation findings from 24 projects sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Congestion and Value Pricing Pilot Program (VPPP) between 1991 and 2006.…
Content type
Made Public Date
02/03/2010

The Los Angeles County Metro budgeted $20.5 million for the 2005 service patrol program.

Content references source material no longer available at its original location.
The Los Angeles County Metro Freeway Service Patrol (FSP), launched in July 1991, is jointly operated and managed by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro), California…
Content type
Made Public Date
10/31/2006
Taxonomy (ARC-IT) Roadway Service Patrols (PS08)

Based on information from 18 agencies worldwide, the costs of real-time bus arrival information systems vary depending on AVL technology, fleet size, and provisioning of real-time information.

This TCRP synthesis report presents information on the state of the practice in real-time bus arrival information systems based on literature research and survey of transit agencies in the United…
Content type
Made Public Date
06/01/2004

From a cross-cutting study of seven highway-rail intersections using ITS, project cost ranged from $200,000 to $9.5 million depending on system design and functionality.

The US DOT ITS Joint Program Office evaluated seven projects that implemented ITS at highway-rail crossings. Among the seven projects five functions were tested: Second train warning Four-…
Content type
Made Public Date
12/12/2003