Integrate Self-Powered Sensors in Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) to Provide Resilient Transportation Infrastructure Operation.
Survey Study on Ranking of Various Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Technologies Produces Lessons Learned
Worldwide
Evaluation of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Scenarios for Resilience in Transportation Using Type-2 Neutrosophic Fuzzy VIKOR
Summary Information
Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) improve safety and mobility by allowing real-time communication between vehicles and infrastructure. In recent years, researchers have been exploring the potential of self-powered sensors which do not rely on batteries or outside energy sources, to add robustness and resiliency to the transportation networks when power and communications infrastructure is disrupted. This study utilized a Type-2 Neutrosophic Number (T2NN) based VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) method to perform advantage prioritization of potential investments and implementations related to self-powered sensors in C-ITS. Specifically, three infrastructure alternatives were considered: (i) Self-powered sensor uses in C-ITS road works warning, slow or stationary vehicle warning, (ii) Self-powered sensor uses in C-ITS vehicle signage, speed limit, weather condition information, and (iii) Self-powered sensor uses in C-ITS Traffic management information (e.g., green light optimum speed advises). A case study was conducted to determine which of the three alternatives of self-powered sensor-based C-ITS implementations was the most suitable based on a set of twelve criteria divided into four aspects: (1) operational, (2) security and data infrastructure, (3) competence, and (4) legislation, regulation and standardization. An opinion survey was conducted with six experts in which alternatives were evaluated with respect to the twelve criteria. Results of the expert opinion survey, received from six experts, were fed into the multi criteria decision model where the benefits of the alternatives were prioritized using the T2NN based VIKOR method.
- Integrate self-powered sensors to improve in-vehicle signage, speed limit, and weather condition information in C-ITS. This study concluded that this could be the most feasible option given the fact that most vehicles were already equipped with similar technologies and that self-powered sensor integration will not be difficult.
- Consider integrating self-powered sensors in C-ITS for road works warning, slow or stationary vehicle warning as the second most advantageous option. Although beneficial, the study noted that the applicability of this option would be limited due to the nonrecurring nature of these events.
- Utilize self-powered sensors in C-ITS for traffic management information as the least advantageous option compared to the other two. The study noted that, for this alternative to work effectively, state-of-the-art equipment and a perfectly organized system would be mandatory, therefore it would be sensible to consider it in the final stages of sensor integration.
- Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the cybersecurity features of the various options. This study emphasized the fact that sensors depended on programming to operate, meaning that there was always the possibility that they could be hacked.
