Autonomous Shuttles are vehicles that are designed to primarily navigate without direct input from a human operator. They are expected to be effective in transporting people through areas where conventional bus service is not feasible, or where the routing is highly predictable.

A team of researchers from Italy and France have released a report identifying challenges and opportunities associated with the introduction of Autonomous Shuttle-as-a-Service (ASaaS). They identified application scenarios in order to analyze likely uses of ASaaS and to determine key topics on which potential deployments should focus.